Kayan polyolefin, wanda aka sani da kyawawan kayan lantarki, iya aiki, da aikin muhalli, sun zama ɗaya daga cikin abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su na rufi da kayan kwasfa a cikin masana'antar waya da na USB.
Polyolefins sune polymers masu nauyin nauyin kwayoyin halitta waɗanda aka haɗa daga olefin monomers kamar ethylene, propylene, da butene. Ana amfani da su sosai a cikin igiyoyi, marufi, gini, motoci, da masana'antar likitanci.
A cikin masana'antar kebul, kayan polyolefin suna ba da ƙarancin dielectric akai-akai, mafi girman rufi, da juriya na sinadarai, yana tabbatar da kwanciyar hankali da aminci na dogon lokaci. Halayensu marasa halogen da sake amfani da su kuma sun yi daidai da yanayin zamani a cikin kore da masana'anta mai dorewa.
I. Rabewa ta Nau'in Monomer
1. Polyethylene (PE)
Polyethylene (PE) shine resin thermoplastic polymerized daga ethylene monomers kuma yana ɗaya daga cikin robobi da aka fi amfani dashi a duniya. Dangane da yawa da tsarin kwayoyin halitta, an raba shi zuwa nau'ikan LDPE, HDPE, LLDPE, da XLPE.
(1)Ƙananan Maɗaukaki Polyethylene (LDPE)
Tsarin: An samar da shi ta hanyar polymerization free-radical high-pressure; ya ƙunshi sarƙoƙi masu rassa da yawa, tare da crystallinity na 55-65% da yawa na 0.91–0.93 g/cm³.
Properties: taushi, m, kuma tasiri-resistant amma yana da matsakaici zafi juriya (har zuwa 80 ° C).
Aikace-aikace: Yawanci ana amfani da shi azaman kayan kubu don sadarwa da igiyoyin sigina, daidaita sassauci da rufi.
(2) Polyethylene Maɗaukaki Mai Girma (HDPE)
Tsarin: Polymerized a ƙarƙashin ƙananan matsa lamba tare da masu haɓaka Ziegler-Natta; yana da ƙananan ko babu rassa, babban crystallinity (80-95%), da yawa na 0.94-0.96 g/cm³.
Properties: Babban ƙarfi da rigidity, kyakkyawan kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, amma ɗan rage ƙarancin zafin jiki.
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da shi sosai don yadudduka masu rufewa, hanyoyin sadarwa, da shebur na fiber optic, yana ba da ingantaccen yanayi da kariya ta inji, musamman don shigarwa na waje ko na ƙasa.
(3) Polyethylene Low-Density Linear (LLDPE)
Tsarin: Copolymerized daga ethylene da α-olefin, tare da reshe na gajeren lokaci; yawa tsakanin 0.915-0.925 g/cm³.
Kayayyakin: Haɗa sassauci da ƙarfi tare da kyakkyawan juriya mai huda.
Aikace-aikace: Ya dace da kayan kwalliya da kayan haɓakawa a cikin ƙananan igiyoyi masu ƙarancin ƙarfi da matsakaici da igiyoyi masu sarrafawa, haɓaka tasiri da juriya na lanƙwasa.
(4)Polyethylene Cross-Linked (XLPE)
Tsarin: Cibiyar sadarwa mai girma uku da aka samo ta hanyar sinadarai ko haɗin kai ta jiki (silane, peroxide, ko electron-beam).
Kayayyakin: Fitaccen juriya na zafi, ƙarfin injina, rufin lantarki, da yanayin yanayi.
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da shi sosai a cikin kebul na wutar lantarki na matsakaici da babban ƙarfin lantarki, sabbin igiyoyin makamashi, da na'urorin wayar hannu na mota - babban abin rufe fuska a masana'antar kebul na zamani.
2. Polypropylene (PP)
Polypropylene (PP), polymerized daga propylene, yana da yawa na 0.89-0.92 g/cm³, wurin narkewa na 164-176 °C, da kewayon zafin jiki na -30 °C zuwa 140 °C.
Kayayyaki: Haske mai nauyi, ƙarfin injina mai ƙarfi, kyakkyawan juriya na sinadarai, da ingantaccen rufin lantarki.
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da shi da farko azaman abin rufewa mara halogen a cikin igiyoyi. Tare da girma girma a kan kare muhalli, giciye polypropylene (XLPP) da gyare-gyaren copolymer PP suna ƙara maye gurbin polyethylene na gargajiya a cikin yanayin zafi mai zafi da tsarin igiyoyi masu ƙarfin lantarki, kamar layin dogo, wutar lantarki, da igiyoyin motar lantarki.
3. Polybutylene (PB)
Polybutylene ya hada da Poly (1-butene) (PB-1) da Polyisobutylene (PIB).
Properties: Kyakkyawan juriya na zafi, kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, da juriya mai rarrafe.
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da PB-1 a cikin bututu, fina-finai, da marufi, yayin da ake amfani da PIB a cikin masana'antar kebul a matsayin gel-blocking gel, sealant, da kuma cika fili saboda rashin isashshen iskar gas da inertness na sinadarai-wanda aka fi amfani da shi a cikin igiyoyin fiber optic don rufewa da kariyar danshi.
II. Sauran Kayan Aikin Polyolefin gama gari
(1) Ethylene-Vinyl Acetate Copolymer (EVA)
EVA ya haɗu da ethylene da vinyl acetate, yana nuna sassauci da juriya na sanyi (yana kula da sassauci a -50 ° C).
Kayayyakin: taushi, mai jurewa tasiri, mara guba, da juriya tsufa.
Aikace-aikace: A cikin igiyoyi, ana yawan amfani da EVA azaman mai gyara sassauƙa ko guduro mai ɗaukar hoto a cikin ƙirar ƙarancin hayaki Zero Halogen (LSZH), haɓaka daidaiton aiki da sassauƙa na rufin muhalli da kayan kwasfa.
(2) Ultra-High-Molecular-Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE)
Tare da nauyin kwayoyin da ya wuce miliyan 1.5, UHMWPE babban filastik injiniya ne.
Kayayyakin: Mafi girman juriya tsakanin robobi, ƙarfin tasiri sau biyar fiye da ABS, kyakkyawan juriya na sinadarai, da ƙarancin ɗanɗano.
Aikace-aikace: Ana amfani da su a cikin igiyoyi na gani da igiyoyi na musamman azaman babban sutura ko sutura don abubuwa masu ƙarfi, haɓaka juriya ga lalacewar injina da abrasion.
III. Kammalawa
Abubuwan polyolefin ba su da halogen, ƙarancin hayaki, kuma mara guba lokacin ƙonewa. Suna samar da ingantacciyar wutar lantarki, inji, da kwanciyar hankali na sarrafawa, kuma ana iya ƙara haɓaka aikin su ta hanyar grafting, haɗawa, da fasahohin haɗin gwiwa.
Tare da haɗin gwiwar su na aminci, abokantaka na muhalli, da kuma abin dogara, kayan polyolefin sun zama ainihin tsarin kayan aiki a cikin masana'antar waya da na USB na zamani. Ana sa ran gaba, yayin da sassa kamar sababbin motocin makamashi, hotuna, da hanyoyin sadarwar bayanai ke ci gaba da haɓaka, sabbin abubuwa a cikin aikace-aikacen polyolefin za su ƙara haɓaka babban aiki da ci gaba mai dorewa na masana'antar kebul.
Lokacin aikawa: Oktoba-17-2025