Tsarin kebul ɗin yana da sauƙi, a gaskiya ma, kowane ɓangaren da yake da shi yana da maƙasudinsa mai mahimmanci, don haka kowane kayan aikin dole ne a zaba a hankali lokacin da aka kera kebul ɗin, don tabbatar da amincin kebul ɗin da aka yi daga waɗannan kayan yayin aiki.
1. Kayan gudanarwa
A tarihance, kayan da ake amfani da su don sarrafa kebul na wutar lantarki sune tagulla da aluminum. Sodium kuma an ɗan gwada shi. Copper da aluminum suna da mafi kyawun halayen wutar lantarki, kuma adadin tagulla yana da ƙasa kaɗan yayin da ake watsa saƙon guda ɗaya, don haka diamita na waje na madubin jan ƙarfe ya fi na aluminum conductor. Farashin aluminum yana da mahimmanci ƙasa da jan ƙarfe. Bugu da kari, saboda yawan tagulla ya fi na aluminum girma, ko da kuwa karfin da ake da shi a halin yanzu iri daya ne, bangaren giciye na madugu na aluminum ya fi na tagulla girma, amma kebul na aluminum ya fi na jan karfe wuta har yanzu. .
2. Kayayyakin rufewa
Akwai kayan rufewa da yawa waɗanda kebul ɗin wutar lantarki na MV za su iya amfani da su, har ma da fasahar balagagge na fasaha da kayan rufe takarda, waɗanda aka yi nasarar amfani da su sama da shekaru 100. A yau, an yarda da rufin polymer da aka fitar. Abubuwan da aka cire na polymer sun haɗa da PE (LDPE da HDPE), XLPE, WTR-XLPE da EPR. Wadannan kayan suna thermoplastic da kuma thermosetting. Abubuwan thermoplastic suna lalacewa lokacin da aka yi zafi, yayin da kayan thermoset suna riƙe da siffar su a yanayin zafi na aiki.
2.1. Rubutun takarda
A farkon aikinsu, igiyoyin da ke cikin takarda suna ɗaukar ɗan ƙaramin nauyi ne kawai kuma ana kiyaye su sosai. Duk da haka, masu amfani da wutar lantarki suna ci gaba da yin kebul ɗin da ke ɗauke da kaya mai yawa, ainihin yanayin da ake amfani da su ba su dace da bukatun kebul na yanzu ba, to, ƙwarewar asali mai kyau ba zai iya wakiltar aikin gaba na kebul ɗin dole ne ya kasance mai kyau ba. . A cikin 'yan shekarun nan, ba a cika yin amfani da igiyoyi masu rufe takarda ba.
2.2.PVC
Har yanzu ana amfani da PVC azaman abin rufe fuska don ƙananan igiyoyi 1kV kuma kayan sheathing ne. Koyaya, aikace-aikacen PVC a cikin rufin kebul ana saurin maye gurbinsa ta XLPE, kuma aikace-aikacen da ke cikin kwasfa ana saurin maye gurbinsu ta hanyar polyethylene low density (LLDPE), matsakaicin girman polyethylene (MDPE) ko polyethylene mai girma (HDPE), da mara kyau. -Wayoyin igiyoyin PVC suna da ƙarancin tsadar rayuwa.
2.3. Polyethylene (PE)
An haɓaka ƙananan ƙananan polyethylene (LDPE) a cikin 1930s kuma yanzu ana amfani da shi azaman resin tushe don abubuwan polyethylene mai ɗorewa (XLPE) da kayan bishiyar polyethylene mai jure ruwa (WTR-XLPE). A cikin yanayin thermoplastic, matsakaicin zafin aiki na polyethylene shine 75 ° C, wanda shine ƙasa da zafin aiki na igiyoyi masu rufe takarda (80 ~ 90 ° C). An magance wannan matsalar tare da zuwan polyethylene mai haɗin kai (XLPE), wanda zai iya haɗuwa ko wuce zafin sabis na igiyoyi masu rufin takarda.
2.4.Polyethylene mai haɗin kai (XLPE)
XLPE wani abu ne na thermosetting wanda aka yi ta hanyar haɗa polyethylene mai ƙarancin yawa (LDPE) tare da wakili mai haɗawa (kamar peroxide).
Matsakaicin zafin jiki mai aiki na kebul na kebul na XLPE shine 90 ° C, gwajin juzu'i har zuwa 140 ° C, kuma gajeriyar zafin jiki na iya kaiwa 250 ° C. XLPE yana da kyawawan halaye na dielectric kuma ana iya amfani dashi a cikin kewayon ƙarfin lantarki. daga 600 zuwa 500 kV.
2.5. Itace mai jure ruwa Cross-linked polyethylene (WTR-XLPE)
Al'amarin bishiyar ruwa zai rage rayuwar sabis na kebul na XLPE. Akwai hanyoyi da yawa don rage girma bishiyar ruwa, amma ɗaya daga cikin abin da aka fi yarda da shi shine amfani da kayan gyaran fuska na musamman da aka tsara don hana haɓakar bishiyar ruwa, wanda ake kira polyethylene WTR-XLPE mai jure ruwa.
2.6. Ethylene propylene roba (EPR)
EPR wani abu ne na thermosetting wanda aka yi da ethylene, propylene (wani lokaci monomer na uku), kuma copolymer na monomers uku ana kiransa ethylene propylene diene rubber (EPDM). Sama da kewayon zafin jiki mai faɗi, EPR koyaushe yana kasancewa mai laushi kuma yana da kyakkyawan juriya na corona. Duk da haka, asarar dielectric na kayan EPR ya fi girma fiye da na XLPE da WTR-XLPE.
3. Insulation vulcanization tsari
Tsarin ƙetare ya keɓanta da polymer ɗin da aka yi amfani da shi. Ƙirƙirar polymers masu haɗin kai yana farawa da matrix polymer sannan kuma ana ƙara stabilizers da crosslinkers don samar da cakuda. Tsarin ƙetare yana ƙara ƙarin maki haɗi zuwa tsarin kwayoyin halitta. Da zarar an haɗa haɗin kai, sarkar kwayoyin polymer ɗin ta kasance mai ƙarfi, amma ba za a iya yanke shi gaba ɗaya zuwa narke mai ruwa ba.
4. Gudanar da garkuwa da kayan kariya masu kariya
Ƙaƙƙarfan shinge mai ɗaukar hoto yana fitar da shi a saman farfajiyar madubi da kuma rufewa don daidaita filin lantarki da kuma ƙunshi filin lantarki a cikin kebul mai rufin tsakiya. Wannan kayan yana ƙunshe da aikin injiniya na kayan baƙar fata na carbon don ba da damar shingen garkuwa na kebul don cimma daidaiton ɗabi'a a cikin kewayon da ake buƙata.
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-12-2024