Wayoyi da kebul muhimmin ɓangare ne na tsarin wutar lantarki kuma ana amfani da su don aika makamashin lantarki da sigina. Dangane da yanayin amfani da yanayin amfani, akwai nau'ikan waya da kebul da yawa. Akwai wayoyin jan ƙarfe marasa komai, kebul na wutar lantarki, kebul na kariya daga sama, kebul na sarrafawa, wayoyin zane da kebul na musamman da sauransu.
Baya ga nau'ikan waya da kebul da aka ambata a sama, akwai wasu waya da kebul na musamman, kamar waya da kebul mai zafi, waya da kebul masu jure tsatsa, waya da kebul masu jure lalacewa. Waɗannan wayoyi da kebul suna da halaye da amfani na musamman, waɗanda suka dace da takamaiman yanayi da masana'antu.
A takaice, bisa ga yanayin amfani daban-daban da yanayin aikace-aikacen, zaɓar nau'in waya da kebul mai dacewa zai iya tabbatar da aminci da kwanciyar hankali na tsarin wutar lantarki. A lokaci guda, inganci da aikin aminci na waya da kebul suma suna da alaƙa kai tsaye da amincin kadarorin mutum, don haka ku kula da zaɓar samfuran yau da kullun da waya da kebul masu inganci masu inganci yayin aiwatar da amfani. Mai zuwa yana bayyana nau'ikan waya da kebul da yawa da halaye. Ina fatan taimaka muku fahimtar ma'anar samfurin ƙayyadaddun bayanai.
Nau'in farko na waya da kebul: wayar jan ƙarfe mara komai
Waya mara waya da samfurin jagora mara waya suna nufin waya mai sarrafawa ba tare da rufi da ƙura ba, galibi sun haɗa da waya mara waya ɗaya, waya mara waya mai ɗaure da kuma jerin samfura guda uku.
Wayar jan ƙarfe ta aluminum guda ɗaya: gami da waya mai laushi ta jan ƙarfe guda ɗaya, waya mai tauri ta jan ƙarfe guda ɗaya, waya mai laushi ta aluminum guda ɗaya, waya mai tauri ta aluminum guda ɗaya. Ana amfani da ita galibi azaman nau'ikan samfuran waya da kebul iri-iri, ƙaramin adadin kera wayar sadarwa da kayan aikin mota.
Wayar da ba ta da waya: gami da waya mai tauri ta jan ƙarfe (TJ), waya mai tauri ta aluminum (LJ), waya mai tauri ta aluminum alloy (LHAJ), waya mai tauri ta aluminum stranded waya (LGJ) galibi ana amfani da ita don haɗa kayan lantarki da kayan lantarki ko abubuwan haɗinsu, ƙayyadaddun wayoyi daban-daban da ke sama sun kama daga 1.0-300mm².
Nau'i na biyu na waya da kebul: kebul na wutar lantarki
Kebul ɗin wutar lantarki a cikin tushen tsarin wutar lantarki don watsawa da rarraba samfuran kebul na wutar lantarki mai ƙarfi, gami da 1 ~ 330KV da sama da matakan ƙarfin lantarki daban-daban, kebul na wutar lantarki daban-daban na rufi.
Sashen shine 1.5, 2.5, 4, 6, 10, 16, 25, 35, 50, 70, 95, 120, 150, 185, 240, 300, 400, 500, 630, 800mm², kuma babban lambar shine 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 3+1, 3+2.
Ana raba kebul na wutar lantarki zuwa ƙananan kebul na wutar lantarki, matsakaicin wutar lantarki, manyan kebul na wutar lantarki da sauransu. Dangane da yanayin rufin, ana raba su zuwa kebul na filastik mai rufi, kebul na roba mai rufi, kebul na ma'adinai mai rufi da sauransu.
Nau'i na uku na waya da kebul: kebul mai rufi a sama
Kebul ɗin sama shi ma ya zama ruwan dare, ana siffanta shi da rashin jaket. Mutane da yawa suna da ra'ayoyi guda uku game da waɗannan kebul. Na farko, masu sarrafa shi ba wai kawai aluminum ba ne, har ma da masu sarrafa jan ƙarfe (JKYJ, JKV) da kuma ƙarfe na aluminum (JKLHYJ). Yanzu akwai kuma kebul na ƙarfe na aluminum mai stranded overhead cables (JKLGY). Na biyu, ba wai kawai core ɗaya ba ne, gama gari gabaɗaya core ɗaya ne, amma kuma ana iya haɗa shi da masu sarrafa wutar lantarki da yawa. Na uku, matakin ƙarfin lantarki na kebul na sama shine 35KV da ƙasa da haka, ba kawai 1KV da 10KV ba.
Nau'in waya da kebul na huɗu: kebul na sarrafawa
Irin wannan tsarin kebul da kebul na wutar lantarki iri ɗaya ne, ana siffanta shi da tsakiyar jan ƙarfe kawai, babu kebul na tsakiyar aluminum, ɓangaren giciye na conductor ƙarami ne, adadin tsakiya ya fi yawa, kamar 24 * 1.5, 30 * 2.5 da sauransu.
Ya dace da tashoshin wutar lantarki, tashoshin ƙasa, ma'adanai, kamfanonin mai da sauran na'urorin sarrafawa ko na'urorin sarrafawa na na'urar guda ɗaya. Domin inganta ikon kebul na siginar sarrafawa don hana tsangwama na ciki da waje, galibi ana amfani da layin kariya.
Samfura da aka fi amfani da su sune KVV, KYJV, KYJV22, KVV22, KVVP. Ma'anar samfurin: Ajin kebul na sarrafawa na "K", "V"PVCrufin rufi, "YJ"polyethylene mai haɗin gwiwarufin rufi, murfin PVC na "V", garkuwar waya ta tagulla ta "P".
Ga layin kariya, KVVP na gama gari garkuwa ce ta waya ta tagulla, idan garkuwa ce ta zare tagulla, ana bayyana ta a matsayin KVVP2, idan garkuwa ce ta tef ɗin aluminum-roba, KVVP3 ce.
Nau'i na biyar na waya da kebul: Kebul ɗin Wayar Gida
Ana amfani da shi galibi a cikin kabad na gida da na rarrabawa, kuma wayar BV da ake yawan amfani da ita ta kasance ta wayoyin zane. Samfuran sune BV, BLV, BVR, RVV, RVVP, BVVB da sauransu.
A cikin samfurin wakilcin waya da kebul, ana ganin B sau da yawa, kuma wurare daban-daban suna wakiltar ma'anoni daban-daban.
Misali, BVVB, farkon B shine ma'anar waya, shine nuna rarrabuwar aikace-aikacen kebul, kamar yadda JK ke nufin kebul na sama, K yana nufin kebul na sarrafawa. B a ƙarshe yana wakiltar nau'in lebur, wanda ƙarin buƙata ce ta musamman ga kebul ɗin. Ma'anar BVB shine: kebul mai sheƙi mai sheƙi mai siffar polyvinyl chloride na jan ƙarfe.
Nau'in waya da kebul na shida: Kebul na musamman
Kebul na musamman sune kebul masu ayyuka na musamman, galibi sun haɗa da kebul masu hana harshen wuta (ZR), kebul masu hana harshen wuta (WDZ), kebul masu hana harshen wuta (NH), kebul masu hana fashewa (FB), kebul masu hana beraye da kebul masu hana harshen tururuwa (FS), kebul masu hana ruwa (ZS), da sauransu. Kebul mai hana harshen wuta (ZR), kebul mai hana harshen wuta mara hayaki (WDZ): galibi ya dace da mahimman tsarin wutar lantarki da sarrafawa.
Idan layin ya ci karo da wuta, kebul zai iya ƙonewa ne kawai a ƙarƙashin tasirin harshen wuta na waje, adadin hayakin yana da ƙarami, kuma iskar gas mai cutarwa (halogen) da ke cikin hayakin ma ƙarami ne.
Idan harshen wuta na waje ya ɓace, kebul ɗin zai iya kashe kansa, ta yadda wutar da ke kan jikin ɗan adam da lalacewar dukiya za ta ragu zuwa ƙanƙanta. Saboda haka, ana amfani da irin wannan kebul sosai a fannin man fetur, wutar lantarki, ƙarfe, gine-gine masu tsayi da kuma wurare masu yawan jama'a da sauran muhimman wurare.
Kebul mai jurewa (NH): ya dace da tsarin wutar lantarki da sarrafawa masu mahimmanci. Idan layin yana cikin yanayi na gobara, kebul mai jurewa wuta zai iya jure zafin jiki na 750 ~ 800 ° C na fiye da mintuna 90 don tabbatar da ingantaccen watsa wutar lantarki don samun isasshen lokacin yaƙi da gobara da rage bala'i.
A yayin da ake fuskantar yanayi na musamman, ana samun sabbin kayayyaki akai-akai, kamar kebul masu jure wuta, kebul masu jure wuta, kebul masu jure hayaki mai ƙarancin hayaki/ƙaramin hayaki, kebul masu jure wa kwari/beraye, kebul masu jure wa mai/sanyi/zafin jiki/sauƙi, kebul masu jure wa radiation, da sauransu.
Lokacin Saƙo: Nuwamba-20-2024