Hanyoyi da iri-iri na haɗin polyethylene
(1) Polyethylene Low-DensityLDPE)
Lokacin da aka ƙara adadin iskar oxygen ko peroxides azaman masu farawa zuwa ethylene mai tsabta, an matsa zuwa kusan 202.6 kPa, kuma ana zafi zuwa kusan 200 ° C, ethylene polymerizes zuwa fari, polyethylene waxy. Ana kiran wannan hanyar a matsayin tsarin matsa lamba saboda yanayin aiki. Sakamakon polyethylene yana da nauyin 0.915-0.930 g/cm³ da nauyin kwayoyin halitta daga 15,000 zuwa 40,000. Tsarin kwayoyin halittarsa yana da rassa sosai kuma maras kyau, yayi kama da tsarin "bishiya-kamar", wanda ke lissafin ƙarancin ƙarancinsa, saboda haka sunan ƙananan ƙarancin polyethylene.
(2) Matsakaici-Density Polyethylene (MDPE)
Tsarin matsakaita-matsakaicin ya ƙunshi polymerizing ethylene a ƙarƙashin 30-100 yanayi ta amfani da ƙarfe oxide catalysts. Sakamakon polyethylene yana da yawa na 0.931-0.940 g/cm³. Hakanan ana iya samar da MDPE ta hanyar haɗa polyethylene mai girma (HDPE) tare da LDPE ko ta hanyar copolymerization na ethylene tare da comonomers kamar butene, vinyl acetate, ko acrylates.
(3) Polyethylene Maɗaukaki Mai Girma (HDPE)
A ƙarƙashin yanayin yanayin zafi na al'ada da matsa lamba, ana yin amfani da ethylene ta hanyar amfani da ingantacciyar hanyar daidaitawa mai haɓakawa (haɗin organometallic wanda ya ƙunshi alkylaluminum da titanium tetrachloride). Saboda babban aiki na catalytic, ana iya kammala aikin polymerization da sauri a ƙananan matsa lamba (0-10 atm) da ƙananan yanayin zafi (60-75 ° C), saboda haka sunan ƙananan tsari. Sakamakon polyethylene yana da wani reshe maras reshe, tsarin kwayoyin halitta na linzamin kwamfuta, yana ba da gudummawa ga girman girmansa (0.941-0.965 g/cm³). Idan aka kwatanta da LDPE, HDPE yana nuna juriya na zafi mafi girma, kaddarorin injina, da juriya-haɗuwar yanayi.
Properties na Polyethylene
Polyethylene ne mai madara-fari, kakin zuma-kamar, filastik mai sauƙin gaske, yana mai da shi ingantaccen rufi da kayan sheathing don wayoyi da igiyoyi. Babban fa'idodinsa sun haɗa da:
(1) Kyawawan kaddarorin lantarki: babban juriya mai ƙarfi da ƙarfin dielectric; ƙarancin izini (ε) da tangent asarar dielectric (tanδ) a cikin kewayon mitar mai faɗi, tare da ƙarancin dogaro da mitar, yana mai da shi kusan ingantaccen dielectric don igiyoyin sadarwa.
(2) Kyawawan kaddarorin inji: sassauƙa amma mai tauri, tare da juriya mai kyau.
(3) Ƙarfin juriya ga tsufa na thermal, ƙarancin zafin jiki, da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai.
(4) Kyakkyawan juriya na ruwa tare da ƙarancin danshi; Juriya gabaɗaya baya raguwa lokacin nutsewa cikin ruwa.
(5) A matsayin kayan da ba na iyakacin duniya ba, yana nuna girman iskar gas, tare da LDPE yana da mafi girman iskar gas tsakanin robobi.
(6) Ƙarƙashin ƙayyadaddun nauyi, duk ƙasa da 1. LDPE sananne ne musamman a kusan 0.92 g/cm³, yayin da HDPE, duk da girman girman sa, yana kusa da 0.94 g/cm³.
(7) Kyawawan kaddarorin sarrafawa: mai sauƙin narkewa da filastik ba tare da lalacewa ba, yana sanyaya cikin tsari cikin sauri, kuma yana ba da damar madaidaicin iko akan lissafin samfurin da girma.
(8) Filayen igiyoyi da aka yi da polyethylene suna da nauyi, masu sauƙin shigarwa, da sauƙi don ƙarewa. Duk da haka, polyethylene kuma yana da lahani da yawa: ƙananan zafin jiki mai laushi; flammability, fitar da wari kamar paraffin lokacin da aka kone; rashin juriya mai fashewar yanayi mara kyau da juriya mai rarrafe. Ana buƙatar kulawa ta musamman lokacin amfani da polyethylene azaman rufi ko sheathing don igiyoyi na ƙarƙashin ruwa ko igiyoyi waɗanda aka sanya cikin digo a tsaye.
Filastik na polyethylene don Wayoyi da igiyoyi
(1) Gabaɗaya-Manufa Insulation Polyethylene Plastics
Ya ƙunshi kawai na polyethylene resin da antioxidants.
(2) Filastik polyethylene mai jure yanayin yanayi
Da farko ya ƙunshi resin polyethylene, antioxidants, da baƙin carbon. Juriyar yanayi ya dogara da girman barbashi, abun ciki, da tarwatsa baƙar carbon.
(3) Damuwar Muhalli-Crack Resistant Polyethylene Plastics
Yana amfani da polyethylene tare da ma'aunin narkewar ruwa a ƙasa da 0.3 da kunkuntar rarraba nauyin kwayoyin halitta. Hakanan ana iya haɗa polyethylene ta hanyar iska mai iska ko hanyoyin sinadarai.
(4) Ƙarfin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙashin Ƙarƙwara
Babban ƙarfin wutar lantarki na USB yana buƙatar filastik polyethylene mai tsafta mai tsafta, wanda aka haɗa shi da masu daidaita wutar lantarki da na'urori na musamman don hana haɓakar mara amfani, danne fitar da guduro, da haɓaka juriya na baka, juriya na zaizayar lantarki, da juriya na korona.
(5) Semiconductive Polyethylene Plastics
Ana samar da shi ta hanyar ƙara baƙar fata na carbon zuwa polyethylene, yawanci ta amfani da lallausan barbashi, babban tsarin baƙar carbon.
(6) Thermoplastic Low-Smoke Zero-Halogen (LSZH) Polyolefin Cable Compound
Wannan fili yana amfani da resin polyethylene azaman kayan tushe, wanda ya haɗa da ingantaccen ingantaccen halogen mara ƙarancin harshen wuta, masu hana hayaki, masu daidaita yanayin zafi, masu hana fungal, da masu canza launin, ana sarrafa su ta hanyar haɗuwa, filastik, da pelletization.
Polyethylene Crosslinked (XLPE)
Ƙarƙashin aikin radiation mai ƙarfi ko ma'aikatan haɗin gwiwa, tsarin kwayar halitta na layi na polyethylene yana canzawa zuwa tsari mai girma uku (cibiyar sadarwa), yana canza kayan thermoplastic zuwa thermoset. Lokacin amfani dashi azaman insulation.XLPEzai iya jure ci gaba da yanayin aiki har zuwa 90 ° C da gajeriyar yanayin zafi na 170-250 ° C. Hanyoyin haɗin kai sun haɗa da haɗin kai ta zahiri da sinadarai. Haɗin kai tsakanin iska da iska hanya ce ta jiki, yayin da mafi yawan ma'aunin haɗin gwiwar sinadarai shine DCP (dicumyl peroxide).
Lokacin aikawa: Afrilu-10-2025