Kayan Kebul na Rufe Ruwa
Kayan toshe ruwa gabaɗaya za a iya raba su zuwa rukuni biyu: toshe ruwa mai aiki da toshe ruwa mai aiki. Toshewar ruwa mai aiki yana amfani da halayen sha da kumburi na kayan aiki masu aiki. Lokacin da murfin ko haɗin gwiwa ya lalace, waɗannan kayan suna faɗaɗawa lokacin da suka taɓa ruwa, wanda ke iyakance shigarsa cikin kebul. Irin waɗannan kayan sun haɗa dagel mai faɗaɗa shan ruwa, tef ɗin toshe ruwa, foda toshe ruwa,Zaren toshe ruwa, da kuma igiyar toshe ruwa. A gefe guda kuma, toshewar ruwa mai wucewa, yana amfani da kayan hana ruwa shiga don toshe ruwa a wajen kebul lokacin da murfin ya lalace. Misalan kayan toshewar ruwa mai wucewa sune man shafawa mai cike da mai, manne mai narkewa mai zafi, da man shafawa mai fadada zafi.
I. Kayan Toshe Ruwa Mai Wuya
Cika kayan toshe ruwa, kamar man shafawa, cikin kebul, shine babbar hanyar toshe ruwa a cikin kebul na farko. Wannan hanyar tana hana ruwa shiga kebul sosai amma tana da waɗannan rashin amfani:
1. Yana ƙara nauyin kebul sosai;
2. Yana haifar da raguwar aikin kebul na sarrafa wutar lantarki;
3. Man fetur yana gurɓata haɗin kebul sosai, wanda hakan ke sa tsaftacewa ta yi wahala;
4. Cikakken tsarin cikewa yana da wuyar sarrafawa, kuma cikawa mara cikawa na iya haifar da rashin aikin toshe ruwa.
II. Kayan Aiki na Toshe Ruwa
A halin yanzu, kayan toshe ruwa masu aiki da ake amfani da su a cikin kebul sune galibi tef ɗin toshe ruwa, foda mai toshe ruwa, igiyar toshe ruwa, da zaren toshe ruwa. Idan aka kwatanta da man shafawa, kayan toshe ruwa masu aiki suna da halaye masu zuwa: yawan shan ruwa da kuma yawan kumburi. Suna iya shan ruwa da sauri da kuma kumbura da sauri don samar da wani abu mai kama da gel wanda ke toshe shigar ruwa, ta haka ne ke tabbatar da tsaron rufin kebul. Bugu da ƙari, kayan toshe ruwa masu aiki suna da sauƙi, tsabta, kuma suna da sauƙin shigarwa da haɗawa. Duk da haka, suna da wasu rashin amfani:
1. Foda mai toshe ruwa yana da wahalar haɗawa daidai gwargwado;
2. Tef ko zare mai toshe ruwa na iya ƙara diamita na waje, yana lalata watsawar zafi, yana hanzarta tsufar zafi na kebul, da kuma iyakance ƙarfin watsa kebul;
3. Kayan toshe ruwa masu aiki gabaɗaya sun fi tsada.
Binciken Toshewar Ruwa: A halin yanzu, babbar hanyar da ake bi a China don hana ruwa shiga cikin layin rufin kebul ita ce ƙara yawan hana ruwa shiga. Duk da haka, domin cimma cikakken toshewar ruwa a cikin kebul, ba wai kawai dole ne mu yi la'akari da shigar ruwa a cikin radial ba, har ma da hana yaɗuwar ruwa a tsayi da zarar ya shiga kebul.
Layin Warewa Mai Rufewa na Polyethylene (Bakin Ciki): Fitar da layin da ke toshe ruwa na polyethylene, tare da haɗin gwiwa da layin matashin kai mai ɗaukar danshi (kamar tef ɗin toshe ruwa), zai iya biyan buƙatun toshe ruwa na tsawon lokaci da kariyar danshi a cikin kebul ɗin da aka sanya a cikin yanayin danshi mai ɗanɗano. Layin da ke toshe ruwa na polyethylene yana da sauƙin ƙera kuma baya buƙatar ƙarin kayan aiki.
Layin Warewar Keɓewa Mai Rufi na Aluminum Mai Rufi na Polyethylene Mai Rufi: Idan an sanya kebul a cikin ruwa ko kuma yanayin danshi mai yawa, ƙarfin toshewar ruwa na yadudduka na polyethylene na iya zama bai isa ba. Ga kebul masu buƙatar ingantaccen aikin toshewar ruwa na radial, yanzu ya zama ruwan dare a naɗe layin tef ɗin aluminum-plastic a tsakiyar kebul ɗin. Wannan hatimin ya fi juriya ga ruwa fiye da tsantsar polyethylene sau ɗari ko ma dubban. Muddin ɗinkin tef ɗin haɗin ya kasance cikakke kuma an rufe shi, shigar ruwa kusan ba zai yiwu ba. Tef ɗin haɗin aluminum-plastic yana buƙatar tsarin naɗewa da haɗawa na dogon lokaci, wanda ya haɗa da ƙarin saka hannun jari da gyare-gyaren kayan aiki.
A fannin injiniyanci, cimma toshewar ruwa mai tsayi ya fi rikitarwa fiye da toshewar ruwa mai radial. An yi amfani da hanyoyi daban-daban, kamar canza tsarin jagorar zuwa ƙira mai matsewa, amma tasirin bai yi yawa ba saboda har yanzu akwai gibi a cikin jagorar da aka matse wanda ke ba da damar ruwa ya bazu ta hanyar aikin capillary. Don cimma toshewar ruwa mai tsayi, ya zama dole a cike gibin da ke cikin jagorar da aka matse da kayan toshewar ruwa. Ana iya amfani da matakai biyu na ma'auni da tsari don cimma toshewar ruwa mai tsayi a cikin kebul:
1. Amfani da na'urorin da ke toshe ruwa. Ƙara igiyar da ke toshe ruwa, foda mai toshe ruwa, zare mai toshe ruwa, ko kuma naɗa tef ɗin da ke toshe ruwa a kusa da na'urar da aka matse sosai.
2. Amfani da cores masu toshe ruwa. A lokacin ƙera kebul, cika core da zare mai toshe ruwa, igiya, ko naɗe core da tef mai toshe ruwa mai kauri ko mai rufe ruwa.
A halin yanzu, babban ƙalubalen toshe ruwa a tsayin daka yana cikin masu toshe ruwa—yadda ake cike abubuwan toshe ruwa tsakanin masu toshe ruwa da kuma waɗanne abubuwa masu toshe ruwa za a yi amfani da su har yanzu abin da bincike ya mayar da hankali a kai ne.
Ⅲ. Kammalawa
Fasahar toshe ruwa ta radial galibi tana amfani da layukan keɓewa masu toshe ruwa da aka naɗe a kusa da layin rufin madubin, tare da ƙara wani Layer mai ɗaukar danshi a waje. Ga kebul na matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki, ana amfani da tef ɗin haɗin aluminum-roba akai-akai, yayin da kebul na babban ƙarfin lantarki yawanci suna amfani da jaket ɗin rufe ƙarfe na gubar, aluminum, ko bakin ƙarfe.
Fasahar toshe ruwa ta tsawon lokaci ta fi mayar da hankali ne kan cike gibin da ke tsakanin zaren da ke aiki da kayan toshe ruwa don toshe yaduwar ruwa a tsakiyar ruwa. Daga ci gaban fasaha na yanzu, cikewa da foda mai toshe ruwa yana da tasiri sosai wajen toshe ruwa a tsawon lokaci.
Samun kebul mai hana ruwa shiga zai yi tasiri ga watsa zafi da kuma aikin sarrafa kebul, don haka yana da mahimmanci a zaɓi ko tsara tsarin kebul mai toshe ruwa bisa ga buƙatun injiniya.
Lokacin Saƙo: Fabrairu-14-2025