Tare da saurin ci gaban tsarin samar da wutar lantarki ta photovoltaic (PV) a duniya baki ɗaya, kebul na photovoltaic (PV cables)—a matsayin muhimman abubuwan da ke haɗa na'urorin PV, inverters, da akwatunan haɗawa—suna taka muhimmiyar rawa a cikin aminci da rayuwar sabis na tashar wutar lantarki ta hasken rana. Idan aka kwatanta da kebul na wutar lantarki na yau da kullun, kebul na photovoltaic suna da ƙira na musamman da zaɓin kayan kebul.
1. Menene Kebul ɗin Photovoltaic?
Ana amfani da kebul na photovoltaic, wanda kuma aka sani da kebul na hasken rana ko kebul na musamman na PV, galibi a cikin tashoshin wutar lantarki na hasken rana, tsarin photovoltaic da aka rarraba, da kuma shigarwar PV a saman rufin. Samfuran da aka saba amfani da su sun haɗa da PV1-F da H1Z2Z2-K, waɗanda suka dace da ƙa'idodin ƙasa da ƙasa kamar EN 50618 da IEC 62930.
Tunda kebul na PV suna ci gaba da fuskantar yanayi na waje, dole ne su yi aiki yadda ya kamata a ƙarƙashin yanayin zafi mai yawa, hasken ultraviolet mai ƙarfi, ƙarancin zafi, da kuma fallasa ozone. Sakamakon haka, buƙatunsu na kayan rufi da kayan rufin sun fi na kebul na yau da kullun girma. Halaye na yau da kullun sun haɗa da juriya ga yanayin zafi mai yawa da ƙasa, kyakkyawan juriya ga tsufa na UV, juriya ga lalata sinadarai, jinkirin harshen wuta, aminci ga muhalli, da kuma tsawon rai na shekaru 25 ko fiye.
2. Kalubalen Kayan Kebul a Aikace-aikacen Photovoltaic
A aikace-aikacen zahiri, galibi ana shigar da kebul na photovoltaic kai tsaye a waje. Misali, a yankunan Turai, zafin yanayi na tsarin PV na iya kusantowa 100°C a cikin yanayin rana. A lokaci guda, kebul ɗin suna fuskantar haskoki na UV na dogon lokaci, canjin zafin rana zuwa dare, da kuma matsin lamba na inji.
A ƙarƙashin irin waɗannan yanayi, kebul na PVC na yau da kullun ko kebul na roba na gargajiya ba za su iya ci gaba da aiki na dogon lokaci ba. Ko da kebul na roba da aka kimanta don aiki na 90°C ko kebul na PVC da aka kimanta don 70°C suna da saurin tsufa na rufin, fashewa a cikin shelf, da kuma raguwar aiki cikin sauri lokacin da ake amfani da su a cikin tsarin photovoltaic na waje, wanda hakan ke rage tsawon rayuwar tsarin sosai.
3. Babban Aikin Kebul ɗin Photovoltaic: Kayan Rufewa na Musamman da Rufewa
Babban fa'idodin aikin kebul na photovoltaic an samo su ne daga mahaɗan kariya na musamman na PV da mahaɗan sheathing. Babban tsarin kayan da ake amfani da shi a yau shine polyolefin mai haɗin radiation, wanda aka fi amfani da shi akan polyethylene mai inganci (PE) ko wasu polyolefins.
Ta hanyar hasken lantarki, sarƙoƙin ƙwayoyin halitta na kayan suna haɗuwa ta hanyar haɗin gwiwa, suna canza tsarin daga thermoplastic zuwa thermoset. Wannan tsari yana ƙara juriyar zafi, juriyar tsufa, da aikin injiniya sosai. Kayan polyolefin masu haɗin gwiwa na radiation suna ba da damar kebul na photovoltaic su yi aiki akai-akai a 90-120°C, yayin da kuma ke ba da kyakkyawan sassaucin yanayin zafi, juriyar UV, juriyar ozone, da juriya ga fashewar damuwa ta muhalli. Bugu da ƙari, waɗannan kayan ba su da halogen kuma suna bin muhalli.
4. Kwatanta Tsarin Gida da Kayan Aiki: Kebul ɗin Photovoltaic idan aka kwatanta da Kebul na Al'ada
4.1 Tsarin da Kayan Aiki na Kebul ɗin Photovoltaic
Mai Gudanarwa: Mai sarrafa jan ƙarfe mai annealed ko kuma mai sarrafa jan ƙarfe mai gwangwani, wanda ke haɗa ƙarfin wutar lantarki mai yawa tare da juriya ga tsatsa
Layer na Rufewa: Rufewar polyolefin mai haɗin gwiwa da radiation (kayan rufewa na musamman na kebul na PV)
Layer ɗin Sheath: Maganin rufe fuska na polyolefin mai haɗin gwiwa, wanda ke ba da kariya ta waje na dogon lokaci
4.2 Tsarin Al'ada da Kayan Kebul na Al'ada
Mai Gudanarwa: Mai Gudanar da Tagulla ko kuma mai Gudanar da Tagulla a cikin Kwalta
Layer na rufi: PVC ko kumaXLPE (polyethylene mai haɗin giciye)mahaɗin rufi
Layer na rufin:PVCsinadarin rufewa
5. Bambance-bambancen Aiki na Asali da Zaɓin Kayan Aiki Ya Ke Haifarwa
Daga mahangar jagora, kebul na daukar hoto da kebul na gargajiya iri ɗaya ne. Babban bambance-bambancen yana cikin zaɓin kayan rufi da kayan rufin.
Rufin PVC da kuma rufin PVC da ake amfani da su a cikin kebul na gargajiya sun fi dacewa da muhalli na cikin gida ko kuma mai sauƙi, suna ba da ƙarancin juriya ga zafi, fallasa UV, da tsufa. Sabanin haka, rufin polyolefin da aka haɗa da radiation da rufin da ake amfani da su a cikin kebul na photovoltaic an ƙera su musamman don aiki na waje na dogon lokaci kuma suna iya kiyaye aikin lantarki da na injiniya mai ɗorewa a ƙarƙashin yanayi mai tsauri na muhalli.
Saboda haka, kodayake maye gurbin kebul na gargajiya da kebul na photovoltaic na iya rage farashin farko, yana ƙara haɗarin kulawa sosai kuma yana rage tsawon rayuwar sabis na tsarin photovoltaic gaba ɗaya.
6. Kammalawa: Zaɓin Kayan Aiki Yana Tabbatar da Ingancin Tsarin PV na Dogon Lokaci
Kebul ɗin photovoltaic ba wai kawai madadin kebul na yau da kullun ba ne, amma samfuran kebul na musamman waɗanda aka tsara musamman don aikace-aikacen photovoltaic. Amincinsu na dogon lokaci ya dogara ne da zaɓin kayan kariya na kebul na PV masu aiki da kayan rufewa, musamman amfani da tsarin kayan polyolefin masu haɗin gwiwa na radiation.
Ga masu tsara tsarin PV, masu shigarwa, da masu samar da kayan kebul, fahimtar bambance-bambancen matakin abu tsakanin kebul na photovoltaic da kebul na gargajiya yana da mahimmanci don tabbatar da aminci, kwanciyar hankali, da kuma aiki na dogon lokaci na tashoshin wutar lantarki na photovoltaic.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-31-2025