Gabaɗaya magana, akwai nau'ikan zaruruwa iri biyu: waɗanda ke goyan bayan hanyoyin yaɗuwa da yawa ko hanyoyin juyawa ana kiran su filaye masu yawa (MMF), kuma waɗanda ke goyan bayan yanayin guda ɗaya ana kiran su filaye guda ɗaya (SMF). To amma menene banbancin su? Karanta wannan labarin zai taimake ka ka sami amsar.
Bayanin Yanayin Single Vs Multimode Fiber Optic Cable
Fiber yanayin guda ɗaya yana ba da damar yaɗuwar yanayin haske ɗaya kawai a lokaci ɗaya, yayin da fiber na gani na multimode zai iya yaɗa hanyoyi da yawa. Maɓallin bambance-bambancen da ke tsakanin su shine a cikin fiber core diamita, tsayin tsayi & tushen haske, bandwidth, sheath launi, nisa, farashi, da sauransu.
Yanayin Single Vs Multimode Fiber, Menene Bambancin?
Lokaci don kwatanta yanayin guda ɗaya vs. multimodefiber na ganikuma ku fahimci bambance-bambancen su.
Mahimmin Diamita
Kebul na Yanayin Single yana da ƙaramin girman mahimmanci, yawanci 9μm, yana ba da damar haɓaka ƙasa, mafi girman bandwidth, da nisan watsawa mai tsayi.
Sabanin haka, Multimode fiber opical fiber yana da girman babban mahimmanci, yawanci 62.5μm ko 50μm, tare da OM1 a 62.5μm da OM2/OM3/OM4/OM5 a 5μm. Ko da yake akwai bambancin girma, amma ba a sauƙi ga hauwa'u tsirara saboda sun fi ƙanƙanta da faɗin gashin ɗan adam. Duba lambar da aka buga akan kebul na fiber optic na iya taimakawa gano nau'in.
Tare da cladding mai karewa, duka yanayin guda ɗaya da fibers multimode suna da diamita na 125μm.
Tsawon Wave & Haske
Multimode Optical fiber, tare da babban girman girman sa, yana amfani da hanyoyin haske masu rahusa kamar hasken LEDs da VCSELs a tsawon 850nm da 1300nm. Sabanin haka, kebul na yanayi guda ɗaya tare da ƙarami, yana amfani da lasers ko laser diodes don samar da hasken allura a cikin kebul, yawanci a tsawon 1310nm da 1550nm.
Bandwidth
Waɗannan nau'ikan fiber guda biyu sun bambanta da ƙarfin bandwidth. Fiber-mode fiber yana ba da kusan bandwidth mara iyaka saboda goyan bayan sa don yanayin tushen haske guda ɗaya, yana haifar da raguwar raguwa da tarwatsewa. Zabi ne da aka fi so don sadarwa mai sauri a kan nesa mai nisa.
A daya hannun, multimode fiber iya aika da mahara Tantancewar halaye, amma yana da mafi girma attenuation da ya fi girma watsawa, iyakance ta bandwidth.
Single-yanayin fiber ya fi multimode Tantancewar fiber dangane da bandwidth iya aiki.
Attenuation
Single-yanayin fiber yana da ƙananan attenuation, yayin da multimode fiber ne mafi saukin kamuwa da attenuation.
Nisa
Ƙarƙashin haɓakar yanayin kebul ɗaya da tarwatsa yanayin yana ba da damar watsa nisa mafi tsayi fiye da multimode. Multimode yana da tsada amma yana iyakance ga gajerun hanyoyin haɗin gwiwa (misali, 550m don 1Gbps), yayin da ake amfani da yanayin guda ɗaya don watsawa mai tsayi sosai.
Farashin
Lokacin yin la'akari da jimillar farashi, sassa uku suna taka muhimmiyar rawa.
Kudin Shigarwa
Kudin shigarwa don fiber-mode fiber sau da yawa ana ganin ya fi girma fiye da na USB na multimode saboda fa'idodinsa. Duk da haka, gaskiyar ita ce akasin haka. godiya ga mafi inganci masana'antu, ceton 20-30% idan aka kwatanta da multimode fiber. Don fitattun filayen OM3/OM4/OM5, yanayin guda ɗaya na iya ajiyewa har zuwa 50% ko fiye. Koyaya, dole ne kuma a yi la'akari da farashin transceiver na gani.
Farashin Transceiver na gani
Mai jujjuyawar gani shine muhimmin bangaren farashi a cikin kebul na fiber, yana lissafin babban kaso, wani lokacin har zuwa 70% na jimlar farashin. Juyin yanayi guda ɗaya gabaɗaya farashin 1.2 zuwa sau 6 fiye da na multimode. Wannan saboda yanayin guda ɗaya yana amfani da diodes mai ƙarfi mai ƙarfi (LD), waɗanda suka fi tsada, yayin da na'urorin multimode galibi suna amfani da LEDs masu rahusa ko VCSELS.
Kudin Haɓaka Tsari
Tare da saurin ci gaba a fasaha, tsarin cabling galibi yana buƙatar haɓakawa da haɓakawa. Kebul na gani guda ɗaya na fiber optic yana ba da mafi girman haɓakawa, sassauci, da daidaitawa. Multimode na USB, saboda ƙayyadaddun bandwidth da iyawar ɗan gajeren nisa, na iya yin gwagwarmaya don biyan buƙatun gaba don watsa sigina mai nisa da girma.
Haɓaka tsarin fiber na gani guda ɗaya ya fi sauƙi, wanda ya haɗa kawai canza canji da masu ɗaukar hoto ba tare da buƙatar sanya sabbin zaruruwa ba. Sabanin haka, don kebul na multimode, haɓakawa daga OM2 zuwa OM3 sannan zuwa OM4 don watsa sauri mai girma zai haifar da tsada mai girma, musamman lokacin canza zaruruwan da aka shimfiɗa a ƙarƙashin bene.
A taƙaice, multimode yana da tsada-tasiri don ɗan gajeren nisa, yayin da yanayin guda ɗaya ya dace don matsakaici zuwa nesa mai nisa.
Launi
Rubutun launi yana sauƙaƙa gano nau'in kebul. TlA-598C yana ba da shawarar lambar launi na masana'antu don sauƙin ganewa.
Multimode OM1 da OM2 yawanci suna da jaket orange.
OM3 yawanci suna da jaket masu launi na Aqua.
OM4 yawanci yana da riguna masu launi na Aqua ko Violet.
OM5 mai launin lemun tsami.
Yanayin guda OS1 da OS2 yawanci tare da Jaket ɗin rawaya.
Aikace-aikace
Kebul na yanayin guda ɗaya ana amfani dashi da farko a cikin kashin baya mai nisa da tsarin metro a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa, datacom, da CATV.
A gefe guda, ana tura kebul na multimode a cikin ƙayyadaddun aikace-aikacen gajeriyar nisa kamar cibiyoyin bayanai, ƙididdigar girgije, tsarin tsaro, da LANs (Cibiyoyin Yanki).
Kammalawa
A ƙarshe, igiyar igiyar igiyar igiyar igiya guda ɗaya ta dace don watsa bayanai mai nisa a cikin cibiyoyin sadarwa masu ɗaukar kaya, MANs, da PONs. Multimode fiber cabling, a gefe guda, an fi amfani dashi a cikin masana'antu, cibiyoyin bayanai, da LANs saboda ƙarancin isar sa. Makullin shine zaɓi nau'in fiber wanda ya dace da buƙatun hanyar sadarwar ku yayin la'akari da jimlar farashin fiber. A matsayin mai tsara hanyar sadarwa, yin wannan shawarar yana da mahimmanci don ingantaccen saitin cibiyar sadarwa mai inganci.
Lokacin aikawa: Juni-19-2025