Tsarin asali na waya da kebul ya haɗa da madugu, rufi, garkuwa, kumfa da sauran sassa.
1. Shugaba
Aiki: Direbobi wani yanki ne na waya da kebul wanda ke watsa makamashin lantarki (magnetic), bayanai da kuma gane takamaiman ayyuka na canjin makamashin lantarki.
Material: Akwai nau'ikan da ba a rufe su ba, kamar su jan karfe, aluminum, jan karfe, gami da aluminum; madugu masu rufaffiyar ƙarfe, irin su jan ƙarfe da aka yi da gwangwani, jan ƙarfe da aka yi da azurfa, jan ƙarfe mai nickel; masu sanye da karfe, irin su karfen jan karfe, aluminium mai jan karfe, karfen karfe, da dai sauransu.
2. Insulation
Aiki: Ana lulluɓe Layer ɗin a kewayen madugu ko ƙarin Layer na madubin (kamar tef mai jujjuyawar), kuma aikinsa shine ware madubin daga ɗaukar wutar lantarki daidai da kuma hana ɗigogi a halin yanzu.
Abubuwan da aka saba amfani da su don rufin rufin su ne polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyethylene mai haɗin gwiwa (XLPE), ƙarancin hayaki halogen-free flame retardant polyolefin (LSZH/HFFR), fluoroplastics, thermoplastic elasticity (TPE), roba silicone (SR), ethylene propylene roba (EPM/EPDM), da dai sauransu.
3. Garkuwa
Aiki: Layer garkuwar da ake amfani da ita a samfuran waya da kebul a haƙiƙa yana da mabambantan ra'ayoyi guda biyu.
Na farko, tsarin wayoyi da igiyoyi masu watsa manyan igiyoyin lantarki na lantarki (kamar mitar rediyo, igiyoyin lantarki) ko raƙuman ruwa (kamar siginar sigina) ana kiranta garkuwar lantarki. Manufar ita ce toshe kutse na igiyoyin lantarki na waje, ko don hana manyan sigina na kebul daga kutsawa cikin duniyar waje, da kuma hana tsoma baki tsakanin ma'auratan wayoyi.
Na biyu, tsarin igiyoyin wutar lantarki masu matsakaici da matsakaici don daidaita wutar lantarki a saman madubin ko kuma bangon da ke rufewa ana kiransa garkuwar filin lantarki. Magana mai mahimmanci, garkuwar filin lantarki baya buƙatar aikin "garkuwa", amma kawai yana taka rawar homogenizing filin lantarki. Garkuwar da ke zagaye da kebul ɗin yawanci tana ƙasa.
* Tsarin garkuwar lantarki da kayan
① Braided garkuwa: yafi amfani da danda jan karfe waya, tin-plated jan karfe waya, azurfa-plated jan karfe waya, aluminum-magnesium gami waya, jan lebur tef, azurfa-plated jan karfe lebur tef, da dai sauransu da za a braided waje da rufi core, waya biyu ko na USB core;
② garkuwar tef ɗin jan ƙarfe: yi amfani da tef ɗin tagulla mai laushi don rufewa ko kunsa a tsaye a waje da cibiyar kebul;
③ Garkuwar tef ɗin ƙarfe na ƙarfe: yi amfani da foil ɗin aluminum Mylar tef ko tagulla tagulla Mylar tef don nannade kusa ko a tsaye a nannade nau'in waya biyu ko na USB;
④ M garkuwa: m aikace-aikace ta daban-daban siffofin garkuwa.Misali, kunsa (1-4) bakin ciki na jan karfe wayoyi a tsaye bayan nannade da aluminum foil Mylar tef. Wayoyin jan ƙarfe na iya ƙara tasirin tafiyar da garkuwar;
⑤ Tsare-tsare daban-daban + garkuwa gabaɗaya: kowane nau'in waya ko rukuni na wayoyi ana kiyaye shi ta aluminum foil Mylar tef ko tagulla waya braided dabam, sa'an nan gaba daya garkuwa tsarin da aka kara bayan cabling;
⑥ Nade garkuwa: Yi amfani da sirara tagulla waya, jan ƙarfe lebur tef, da dai sauransu don nada kewaye da keɓaɓɓen cibiyar waya, waya biyu ko na USB core.
* Tsarin garkuwar filin lantarki da kayan
Semi-conductive garkuwa: Domin ikon igiyoyi na 6kV da kuma sama, wani bakin ciki Semi-conductive garkuwa Layer an haɗe zuwa madugu surface da insulating surface. Ƙaƙƙarfan garkuwar madugu wani yanki ne da aka fitar da shi. Garkuwa mai gudanarwa tare da ɓangaren giciye na 500mm² da sama gabaɗaya ya ƙunshi tef ɗin mai ɗaukar hoto da fiɗaɗɗen Layer mai ɗaukar hoto. The insulating garkuwa Layer ne extruded tsarin;
Rufe wayan tagulla: Wayar tagulla zagaya ana amfani da ita ne don naɗawa haɗin gwiwa, sannan Layer na waje yana jujjuya rauni kuma an ɗaure shi da tef ɗin tagulla ko wayar tagulla. Ana amfani da irin wannan nau'in tsarin yawanci a cikin igiyoyi masu girma na gajeren lokaci, kamar wasu manyan igiyoyi 35kV. kebul na wutar lantarki guda ɗaya;
Kunna tef na jan karfe: nannade tare da tef mai laushi;
④ Corrugated aluminum sheath: Yana rungumi dabi'ar zafi extrusion ko aluminum tef a tsaye wrapping, waldi, embossing, da dai sauransu Wannan nau'i na garkuwa ma yana da kyau kwarai ruwa-tarewa, da aka yafi amfani ga high-voltage da matsananci-high-voltage ikon igiyoyi.
4. Kwafi
Ayyukan kumfa shine don kare kebul, kuma ainihin shine don kare kariya. Saboda yanayin amfani da ke canzawa koyaushe, yanayin amfani da buƙatun mai amfani. Sabili da haka, nau'ikan, nau'ikan tsari da buƙatun aiwatar da tsarin sheathing suma sun bambanta, waɗanda za'a iya taƙaita su zuwa rukuni uku:
Na daya shi ne don kare yanayin yanayi na waje, sojojin injina na lokaci-lokaci, da kuma wani yanki na kariya gabaɗaya wanda ke buƙatar kariya ta gabaɗaya (kamar hana kutsawa daga tururin ruwa da iskar gas mai cutarwa); Idan akwai babban ƙarfin waje na inji ko ɗaukar nauyin kebul ɗin, dole ne a sami tsarin Layer na kariya na Layer sulke na ƙarfe; na uku shine tsarin kariya na kariya tare da buƙatu na musamman.
Don haka, tsarin sheath na waya da na USB gabaɗaya ya kasu zuwa manyan sassa biyu: kwasfa (hannu) da sheath na waje. Tsarin kumfa na ciki yana da sauƙin sauƙi, yayin da kwasfa na waje ya haɗa da Layer sulke na ƙarfe da murfinsa na ciki (domin hana sulken sulke daga lalata rufin sheath na ciki), da na waje wanda shine kare sulke, da dai sauransu. Don buƙatu daban-daban na musamman kamar mai hana wuta, juriya na wuta, rigakafin ƙwayoyin cuta (termite), rigakafin dabba (cizon bera, peck tsuntsu), da sauransu, yawancin su ana warware su ta hanyar ƙara wasu sinadarai a cikin kube na waje; ƴan kaɗan dole ne su ƙara abubuwan da suka dace a cikin tsarin sheath na waje..
Abubuwan da aka fi amfani da su sune:
Polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyethylene (PE), polyperfluoroethylene propylene (FEP), low hayaki halogen free harshen wuta retardant polyolefin (LSZH/HFFR), thermoplastic elastomer (TPE)
Lokacin aikawa: Dec-30-2022