Tsarin asali na kebul na wutar lantarki an tsara shi ne a cikin yadudduka, inda kowane layi ke yin ayyuka na musamman don tabbatar da aminci, inganci, da kuma ingantaccen watsa makamashin lantarki daga tushen samar da wutar lantarki zuwa ga mai amfani da shi. Wannan ƙirar zamani tana ba wa kebul damar daidaitawa da buƙatu daban-daban, daga rarraba wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin wutar lantarki zuwa watsa wutar lantarki mai matuƙar ƙarfi, da kuma jure wa matsin lamba na injiniya, sinadarai, da muhalli yayin shigarwa da aiki na dogon lokaci.
Cikakken tsari da ayyuka sune kamar haka:
1. Mai Gudanarwa (Mai Gudanar da Aiki)
Aiki: Yana aiki a matsayin babbar hanyar watsa makamashin lantarki, ɗaukar wutar lantarki da kuma tantance ƙarfin ɗaukar wutar lantarki na kebul da kuma ingancin watsa wutar lantarki.
Kayan Aiki da Tsarin Aiki: Yawanci ana yin su ne da jan ƙarfe mai ƙarfi (ƙarancin juriya, sassauci mai kyau) ko kuma masu sarrafa aluminum masu tauri. Don daidaita sassauci da ƙarfi, masu sarrafa wutar lantarki galibi ana samar da su ta hanyar ɗaure wayoyi masu laushi da yawa akai-akai. Siffofin haɗin gwiwarsu an inganta su don cike sararin rufin sosai da inganta watsa zafi.
2. Kariyar Layers
Aiki: Wannan nau'in yadudduka masu sarrafa semiconductors suna samar da "tsarin daidaitawa," mai mahimmanci don tabbatar da rarraba filin lantarki iri ɗaya a cikin kebul na matsakaici da babban ƙarfin lantarki.
Garkuwar Mai Gudanarwa: An fitar da shi sosai a saman mai gudanarwa, yana cike ƙananan kurakurai da hanyoyin shiga cikin mai jagora da ya makale, yana hana fitar da ƙwayar cuta ta corona da kuma toshewar wutar lantarki ta gida.
Garkuwar Rufi: An haɗa ta sosai a saman waje na layin rufi, yana daidaita filin lantarki kuma yana ba da sauƙin sauyawa zuwa layin kariya na ƙarfe na waje.
Kayan Aiki: Dukansu kayan semiconductor ne masu iya haɗa kai, tare da juriyar girma wanda yawanci ake sarrafawa a cikin kewayon 10² zuwa 10⁵ Ω·cm.
3. Layer na Rufewa
Aiki: Yana samar da keɓancewa ta lantarki, yana jure wa ƙarfin lantarki mai aiki da kuma yawan ƙarfin lantarki don hana lalacewa ko zubewa.
Kayan Aiki: Babban kayan aiki shinePolyethylene Mai Haɗin Kai (XLPE)Ana amfani da robar Ethylene Propylene (EPR) don matsakaicin ƙarfin lantarki da kuma aikace-aikacen sassauci mai yawa. Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC) galibi ana amfani da shi a cikin hanyoyin sadarwa na rarraba wutar lantarki mai ƙarancin ƙarfin lantarki.
4. Layer na Garkuwar Ƙarfe
Aiki: Yana samar da hanya don kwararar wuta, kariyar lantarki, da kuma kariyar ƙasa.
Siffofin:Tef ɗin jan ƙarfegarkuwa, garkuwar kitso ta wayar jan ƙarfe, ko kuma murfin ƙarfe mai rufi (wanda kuma ke ba da aikin shingen ruwa na radial).
5. Layer Cikowa
Aiki: Yana cike gurɓatattun kebul a cikin kebul masu core da yawa don kiyaye kwanciyar hankali na tsari, kuma yana ba da ƙarin matashin kai da kariya daga danshi.
Kayan aiki: Kayan da ba su da tsafta kamar su ripcord na polypropylene (PP) ko igiyoyin da ke toshe ruwa.
6. Kurmin Ciki
Aiki: Yana kare layin garkuwar ƙarfe daga tsatsa kuma yana samar da shingen ruwa da danshi na farko.
Kayan Aiki: Rufin Polyethylene (PE) ko Polyvinyl Chloride (PVC). Don aikace-aikacen da ke buƙatar ingantaccen aikin toshe ruwa, galibi ana amfani da murfin da aka yi wa aluminum-polyethylene laminated.
7. Layer ɗin Sulke
Aiki: Yana ba da kariya daga injina daga niƙawa yayin binne kai tsaye, ja yayin shigarwa, da kuma tashin hankali yayin kwanciya a ƙarƙashin ruwa.
Nau'i: Sulke na tef ɗin ƙarfe (galibi don juriyar matsi) ko sulke na waya na ƙarfe (don ƙarfin tauri).
8. Bakin waje
Aiki: Tsarin kariya mafi ƙarfi, mai jure wa lalata muhalli.
Kayan aiki: Kayan murfin PVC ko PE, tare da yuwuwar ƙirƙirar kayan murfin musamman masu hana harshen wuta, marasa halogen, da kuma kayan murfin da ba su da hayaƙi.
9. Gine-gine na Musamman
Tsarin hana ruwa shiga: Rufin ƙarfe mai laushi ko foda/teps/gels masu toshe ruwa.
Tsarin Kare Gobara: Robar silicone mai iya yin ceramifi, tef ɗin mica, ko kayan da ba su da hayaƙi mai ƙarancin hayaƙi (LSZH).
Haɗakar Wayo: Wasu kebul suna haɗa na'urorin fiber na gani don auna zafin jiki ko sadarwa.
10. Misalin Tsarin (Kebul Mai Babban Wutar Lantarki Mai Tsari Ɗaya)
Mai Gudanar da Tagulla → Garkuwar Mai Gudanarwa → Rufin XLPE → Garkuwar Rufi → Garkuwar ƙarfe mai lankwasa → Kurkuwar ciki ta PE → Sulke na Wayar Karfe → Kurkuwar Waje.
11. Takaitaccen Bayani
Kebul na wutar lantarki samfurin tsarin da aka ƙera shi daidai. Zaɓin kayan aiki da aiwatar da hanyoyin aiki na kowane layi yana tasiri sosai ga ingancin watsa kebul, tsawon lokacin sabis, da matakin aminci. Fasahar kebul ta zamani tana haɓaka zuwa ga matakan ƙarfin lantarki mafi girma, ƙarfin aiki mafi girma, aminci mafi girma, ƙarin hankali, da haɓaka dorewar muhalli.
Lokacin Saƙo: Disamba-18-2025