Rarraba danniya na filin lantarki a cikin igiyoyin AC daidai ne, kuma mayar da hankali ga kayan haɗin kebul yana kan madaurin dielectric, wanda zafin jiki ba ya shafa. Sabanin haka, rarraba damuwa a cikin igiyoyi na DC ya fi girma a cikin rufin ciki na rufin kuma yana tasiri ta hanyar tsayayyar kayan haɓakawa. Kayayyakin insulation suna nuna ƙarancin zafin jiki mara kyau, ma'ana cewa yayin da zafin jiki ya ƙaru, tsayayya yana raguwa.
Lokacin da kebul yana aiki, asarar ainihin yana haifar da zafin jiki ya tashi, yana haifar da canje-canje a cikin juriya na kayan haɓakawa. Wannan, bi da bi, yana haifar da damuwa na filin lantarki a cikin rufin rufi don bambanta. A wasu kalmomi, don kauri ɗaya na insulator, ƙarancin wutar lantarki yana raguwa yayin da zafin jiki ya tashi. Don layukan gangar jikin DC a cikin tashoshin wutar lantarki da aka rarraba, yawan tsufa na kayan rufewa yana da sauri da sauri saboda sauye-sauye a yanayin yanayin yanayi idan aka kwatanta da igiyoyin da aka binne, wanda shine mahimmancin abin lura.
A lokacin samar da yadudduka na kebul, babu makawa ana shigar da ƙazanta. Waɗannan ƙazanta suna da ƙarancin juriya na rufi kuma ana rarraba su daidai gwargwado tare da radial shugabanci na rufin rufin. Wannan yana haifar da bambancin juriya na ƙara a wurare daban-daban. Ƙarƙashin wutar lantarki na DC, filin lantarki a cikin rufin rufin zai kuma bambanta, yana haifar da yankunan da ke da mafi ƙanƙanci mafi ƙasƙanci don tsufa da sauri kuma su zama maƙasudin gazawa.
Kebul na AC ba sa nuna wannan al'amari. A cikin sauƙi, damuwa akan kayan kebul na AC yana rarraba daidai gwargwado, yayin da a cikin kebul na DC, damuwa na rufewa koyaushe yana mai da hankali ne a mafi rauni. Don haka, ya kamata a sarrafa tsarin masana'antu da ma'auni na igiyoyin AC da DC daban-daban.
Polyethylene mai haɗin kai (XLPE)Ana amfani da igiyoyi masu ɓoye a cikin aikace-aikacen AC saboda kyawawan kaddarorin su na dielectric da na zahiri, da kuma ƙimar aikinsu mai girma. Koyaya, idan aka yi amfani da su azaman igiyoyi na DC, suna fuskantar babban ƙalubale mai alaƙa da cajin sararin samaniya, wanda ke da mahimmanci musamman a cikin manyan igiyoyin DC masu ƙarfi. Lokacin da ake amfani da polymers azaman rufin kebul na DC, ɗimbin tarko da aka ɓoye a cikin rufin rufi yana haifar da tara cajin sarari. Tasirin cajin sararin samaniya akan kayan kariya yana nunawa a cikin bangarori biyu: gurɓataccen filin lantarki da kuma abubuwan da ba na wutar lantarki ba, duka biyun suna da matukar illa ga kayan da aka rufe.
Cajin sararin samaniya yana nufin ƙarin cajin da ya wuce tsaka tsaki na lantarki a cikin rukunin tsarin kayan macroscopic. A cikin daskararru, cajin sarari mai kyau ko mara kyau yana daure zuwa matakan makamashi na gida, yana ba da tasirin polarization a cikin nau'in polarons masu ɗaure. Matsakaicin cajin sararin samaniya yana faruwa lokacin da ions kyauta suke a cikin kayan wutan lantarki. Saboda motsin ion, ions mara kyau suna taruwa a wurin mu'amala kusa da ingantacciyar lantarki, kuma ions masu kyau suna taruwa a wurin mu'amala kusa da wutar lantarki mara kyau. A cikin filin lantarki na AC, ƙaura na caji mai kyau da mara kyau ba zai iya ci gaba da saurin canje-canje a cikin mitar lantarki ba, don haka tasirin cajin sararin samaniya ba ya faruwa. A cikin filin lantarki na DC, duk da haka, filin lantarki yana rarraba bisa ga tsayayya, wanda ya haifar da samuwar cajin sararin samaniya da kuma rinjayar rarraba wutar lantarki. Rufin XLPE yana ƙunshe da adadi mai yawa na jahohin gida, yana yin tasirin cajin sararin samaniya musamman mai tsanani.
Rufin XLPE yana haɗe-haɗe ta hanyar sinadarai, yana samar da tsarin haɗin gwiwar haɗin gwiwa. A matsayin polymer wanda ba na polar ba, kebul ɗin kanta ana iya kwatanta shi da babban capacitor. Lokacin da watsawar DC ta tsaya, yayi daidai da cajin capacitor. Ko da yake tushen madubin yana ƙasa, fitarwa mai inganci baya faruwa, yana barin adadin kuzarin DC mai yawa da aka adana a cikin kebul azaman cajin sarari. Ba kamar igiyoyin wutar lantarki na AC ba, inda cajin sararin samaniya ke bazuwa ta hanyar asarar dielectric, waɗannan cajin suna taruwa akan lahani a cikin kebul ɗin.
A tsawon lokaci, tare da katsewar wutar lantarki akai-akai ko haɓakawa a cikin ƙarfin halin yanzu, kebul na kebul na XLPE yana tara ƙarin cajin sararin samaniya, yana haɓaka tsufa na rufin rufi da rage rayuwar sabis na kebul.
Lokacin aikawa: Maris-10-2025